불규칙 동사 변화

불규칙 동사변화

불규칙 동사 (A - A - A 형)

뜻	현    재	과    거	과거분사
던지다	cast	cast	cast
비용이 들다	cost	cost	cost
자르다	cut	cut	cut
치다	hit	hit	hit
다치게 하다	hurt	hurt	hurt
시키다	let	let	let
놓다	put	put	put
읽다	read [ri:d]	read [red]	read [red]
놓다(타동사)	set	set	set
닫다	shut	shut	shut
퍼지다	spread	spread	spread

불규칙 동사 (A - B - B 형)

뜻	현    재	과    거	과거분사
깨우다	awake	awoke	awoke / awoken
구부리다	bend	bent	bent
묶다	bind	bound	bound
물다	bite [bait]	bit [bit]	bit / bitten [bitn]
가져오다	bring	brought	brought
세우다	build	built	built
불태우다	burn	burnt / burned	burnt / burned
사다	buy	bought	bought
잡다	catch	caught	caught
기다	creep	crept	crept
파다	dig	dug	dug
먹이를 주다	feed	fed	fed
느끼다	feel	felt	felt
싸우다	fight	fought	fought
발견하다	find	found	found
얻다	get [get]	got [gat]	got / gotten
매달다	hang	hung	hung
듣다	hear	heard	heard
쥐다	hold	held	held
간직하다	keep	kept	kept
~을 놓다 (타동사)	lay	laid	laid
인도하다	lead	led	led
떠나다	leave	left	left
빌려주다	lend	lent	lent
잃다	lose	lost	lost
만들다	make	made	made
의미하다	mean	meant	meant
만나다	meet	met	met
지불하다	pay	paid	paid
말하다	say	said	said
찾다	seek	sought	sought
팔다	sell	sold	sold
보내다	send	sent	sent
빛나다	shine	shone	shone
쏘다	shoot	shot	shot
앉다 (자동사)	sit	sat	sat
자다	sleep	slept	slept
냄새맡다	smell	smelt	smelt
소비하다	spend	spent	spent
서다	stand	stood	stood
치다	strike	struck	struck
쓸다	sweep	swept	swept
가르치다	teach	taught	taught
말하다	tell	told	told
생각하다	think	thought	thought
이해하다	understand	understood	understood
울다, 눈물을 흘리다	weep	wept	wept
이기다	win	won	won

불규칙 동사 (A - B - C 형)

뜻	현    재	과    거	과거분사
일어나다 (자동사)	arise	arose	arisen
되다	become	became	become
시작하다	begin	began	begun
불다	blow	blew	blown
개뜨리다	break	broke	broken
선택하다	choose	chose	chosen
오다	come	came	come
하다	do	did	done
당기다	draw	drew	drawn
마시다	drink	drank	drunk
운전하다	drive	drove	driven
먹다	eat	ate	eaten
떨어지다 (자동사)	fall	fell	fallen
날다	fly	flew	flown
잊다	forget	forgot	forgotten
용서하다	forgive	forgave	forgiven
얼다	freeze	froze	frozen
주다	give	gave	given
가다	go	went	gone
숨다	hide	hid	hidden
알다	know	knew	known
눕다 (자동사)	lie	lay	lain
잘못하다	mistake	mistook	mistaken
타다	ride	rode	ridden
울리다	ring	rang	rung
오르다 (자동사)	rise	rose	risen
달리다	run	ran	run
보다	see	saw	seen
흔들다	shake	shook	shaken
노래하다	sing	sang	sung
가라앉다	sink	sank	sunk
훔치다	steal	stole	stolen
헤엄치다	swim	swam	swum
손에 잡다	take	took	taken
찢다	tear	tore	torn
던지다	throw	threw	thrown
입다	wear	wore	worn
쓰다	write	wrote	written

1. My father gets up at six all the year round.
   Q. 동사에 -s, -es가 붙는 경우는?
   A. 주어가 3인칭 단수이면서 현재시제일 때이다.
   
   cf. 명사에 -s, es가 붙는 경우는?

2. 1) I have seen her three times.
   2) He has seen her three times.
   3) I recognized James at once, for I had seen him several times before.

3. 수동태 : be(am, are, is, was, were, been) + 과거분사

4. 과거분사 + 명사 / 명사 + 과거분사
   a written letter / a letter written by him

5. 시제표

	Active Voice (능동태)	Passive Voice (수동태)
현재 시제	She writes a letter	It is written by her.
현재 진행 시제	She is writing it.	It is being written by her.
현재 완료 시제	She has written it.	It has been written by her.
현재 완료 진행 시제	She has been writing it.	X
과거 시제	She wrote a letter.	It was written by her.
과거 진행 시제	She was writing it.	It was being written by her.
과거 완료 시제	She had written it.	It had been written by her.
과거 완료 진행 시제	She had been writing it.	X
미래 시제	She will write a letter.	It will be written by her.
미래 진행 시제	She will be writing it.	X
미래 완료 시제	She will have written it.	It will have been written by her.
미래 완료 진행 시제	She will have been writing it.	X