어휘
불규칙 동사 변화
Seokan
2019. 11. 7. 01:23
불규칙 동사변화
불규칙 동사 (A - A - A 형)
| 뜻 | 현 재 | 과 거 | 과거분사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 던지다 | cast | cast | cast |
| 비용이 들다 | cost | cost | cost |
| 자르다 | cut | cut | cut |
| 치다 | hit | hit | hit |
| 다치게 하다 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
| 시키다 | let | let | let |
| 놓다 | put | put | put |
| 읽다 | read [ri:d] | read [red] | read [red] |
| 놓다(타동사) | set | set | set |
| 닫다 | shut | shut | shut |
| 퍼지다 | spread | spread | spread |
불규칙 동사 (A - B - B 형)
| 뜻 | 현 재 | 과 거 | 과거분사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 깨우다 | awake | awoke | awoke / awoken |
| 구부리다 | bend | bent | bent |
| 묶다 | bind | bound | bound |
| 물다 | bite [bait] | bit [bit] | bit / bitten [bitn] |
| 가져오다 | bring | brought | brought |
| 세우다 | build | built | built |
| 불태우다 | burn | burnt / burned | burnt / burned |
| 사다 | buy | bought | bought |
| 잡다 | catch | caught | caught |
| 기다 | creep | crept | crept |
| 파다 | dig | dug | dug |
| 먹이를 주다 | feed | fed | fed |
| 느끼다 | feel | felt | felt |
| 싸우다 | fight | fought | fought |
| 발견하다 | find | found | found |
| 얻다 | get [get] | got [gat] | got / gotten |
| 매달다 | hang | hung | hung |
| 듣다 | hear | heard | heard |
| 쥐다 | hold | held | held |
| 간직하다 | keep | kept | kept |
| ~을 놓다 (타동사) | lay | laid | laid |
| 인도하다 | lead | led | led |
| 떠나다 | leave | left | left |
| 빌려주다 | lend | lent | lent |
| 잃다 | lose | lost | lost |
| 만들다 | make | made | made |
| 의미하다 | mean | meant | meant |
| 만나다 | meet | met | met |
| 지불하다 | pay | paid | paid |
| 말하다 | say | said | said |
| 찾다 | seek | sought | sought |
| 팔다 | sell | sold | sold |
| 보내다 | send | sent | sent |
| 빛나다 | shine | shone | shone |
| 쏘다 | shoot | shot | shot |
| 앉다 (자동사) | sit | sat | sat |
| 자다 | sleep | slept | slept |
| 냄새맡다 | smell | smelt | smelt |
| 소비하다 | spend | spent | spent |
| 서다 | stand | stood | stood |
| 치다 | strike | struck | struck |
| 쓸다 | sweep | swept | swept |
| 가르치다 | teach | taught | taught |
| 말하다 | tell | told | told |
| 생각하다 | think | thought | thought |
| 이해하다 | understand | understood | understood |
| 울다, 눈물을 흘리다 | weep | wept | wept |
| 이기다 | win | won | won |
불규칙 동사 (A - B - C 형)
| 뜻 | 현 재 | 과 거 | 과거분사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 일어나다 (자동사) | arise | arose | arisen |
| 되다 | become | became | become |
| 시작하다 | begin | began | begun |
| 불다 | blow | blew | blown |
| 개뜨리다 | break | broke | broken |
| 선택하다 | choose | chose | chosen |
| 오다 | come | came | come |
| 하다 | do | did | done |
| 당기다 | draw | drew | drawn |
| 마시다 | drink | drank | drunk |
| 운전하다 | drive | drove | driven |
| 먹다 | eat | ate | eaten |
| 떨어지다 (자동사) | fall | fell | fallen |
| 날다 | fly | flew | flown |
| 잊다 | forget | forgot | forgotten |
| 용서하다 | forgive | forgave | forgiven |
| 얼다 | freeze | froze | frozen |
| 주다 | give | gave | given |
| 가다 | go | went | gone |
| 숨다 | hide | hid | hidden |
| 알다 | know | knew | known |
| 눕다 (자동사) | lie | lay | lain |
| 잘못하다 | mistake | mistook | mistaken |
| 타다 | ride | rode | ridden |
| 울리다 | ring | rang | rung |
| 오르다 (자동사) | rise | rose | risen |
| 달리다 | run | ran | run |
| 보다 | see | saw | seen |
| 흔들다 | shake | shook | shaken |
| 노래하다 | sing | sang | sung |
| 가라앉다 | sink | sank | sunk |
| 훔치다 | steal | stole | stolen |
| 헤엄치다 | swim | swam | swum |
| 손에 잡다 | take | took | taken |
| 찢다 | tear | tore | torn |
| 던지다 | throw | threw | thrown |
| 입다 | wear | wore | worn |
| 쓰다 | write | wrote | written |
My father gets up at six all the year round.
Q. 동사에 -s, -es가 붙는 경우는?
A. 주어가 3인칭 단수이면서 현재시제일 때이다.
cf. 명사에 -s, es가 붙는 경우는?1) I have seen her three times.
2) He has seen her three times.
3) I recognized James at once, for I had seen him several times before.수동태 : be(am, are, is, was, were, been) + 과거분사
과거분사 + 명사 / 명사 + 과거분사
a written letter / a letter written by him시제표
| Active Voice (능동태) | Passive Voice (수동태) | |
|---|---|---|
| 현재 시제 | She writes a letter | It is written by her. |
| 현재 진행 시제 | She is writing it. | It is being written by her. |
| 현재 완료 시제 | She has written it. | It has been written by her. |
| 현재 완료 진행 시제 | She has been writing it. | X |
| 과거 시제 | She wrote a letter. | It was written by her. |
| 과거 진행 시제 | She was writing it. | It was being written by her. |
| 과거 완료 시제 | She had written it. | It had been written by her. |
| 과거 완료 진행 시제 | She had been writing it. | X |
| 미래 시제 | She will write a letter. | It will be written by her. |
| 미래 진행 시제 | She will be writing it. | X |
| 미래 완료 시제 | She will have written it. | It will have been written by her. |
| 미래 완료 진행 시제 | She will have been writing it. | X |